2021年外交学院英语系《713基础英语》考研全套资料

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考研真题及详解

Unit 1

一、词汇短语

Text I

1. square [skwZE] v. a) to set straight or at approximate right angles挺直，挺起：square one’s shoulders挺直身子，挺起胸膛。b) to win a point or game so that you have now won the same number of points or games as the other team or player使打成平局，打平：India won the second match to square the series at one each.印度队第二局战胜，使双方成平局。

2. discreetly [dis5kri:tli] adv. carefully谨慎地，小心地：The bell captain hovered discreetly out of sight.侍者领班已小心翼翼地溜之大吉了。

3. reserve [ri5zE:v] n. a) self-restrain in expression, the habit of not showing one’s feelings or thoughts矜持，拘谨；寡言：She overcame her own natural reserve.她战胜了自己一贯的拘谨。b) a supply of something kept to be used if it is needed贮藏；储备：We must keep back a reserve of food.我们必须贮存一些食品。

4. whereabout [5(h)wZErE5baut] n. the place where somebody or something is下落，行踪，所在之处：He showed great reluctance to reveal his whereabouts.他极不情愿透露自己的行踪。

5. anthology [An5WClEdVi] n. a collection of literary pieces, such as poems, short stories or plays(诗、文等的)选集：I have an anthology of modern quotations.我有一本现代名言集萃。

6. grope [^rEup] v. to search blindly or uncertainly摸索，搜寻：Ginny groped for her glasses on the bedside table.金尼在床边的桌子上摸索自己的眼镜。

7. goody [5^udi] n. something attractive or delectable, especially something sweet to eat特别吸引人的东西，美味的食品：We’re giving away a free goody bag with every children’s meal.对每一份儿童餐我们赠送一袋礼品。

8. puddle [5pQdl] n. a small pool of liquid水坑；(尤指道路上的)雨水坑：The road was filled with puddles from the rain.雨后路面到处是一坑坑的积水。

9. ketchup [5ketFEp] n. a thick cold red sauce made from tomatoes, used for giving a pleasant taste to food番茄酱：There’s a spot of ketchup on the tablecloth.桌布上有一点番茄酱的渍斑。

10. flail [fleil] v. a) to cause something to wave or swing about wildly摇摆，乱动：The prisoner’s limbs flailed violently because of the pain.那囚犯因为疼痛，四肢剧烈地抖动着。b) to beat someone or something violently, usually with a stick鞭打，抽打

11. maneuver [mE5nu:vE] n. a) a skillful or careful movement巧妙的移动：A careful driver will often stop talking before carrying out a complex maneuver.细心的驾驶员会在操作复杂巧妙的移动之前停止说话。b) a skilful or carefully planned action intended to gain an advantage for yourself策略，谋略：They tried by diplomatic maneuvers to obtain an agreement.他们尽力通过外交策略打成协议。

12. rear [riE] adj. of the back part后面的，后部的：the rear door of the car汽车后门 v. rear: to look after a person or animal until they are fully grown饲养；养育：He rears all kinds of birds.他饲养各种鸟。

13. sandal [5sAndl] n. a light open-sided shoe worn in warm weather 凉鞋：He always wears sandals in the summer.他夏天总是穿凉鞋。

14. brigade [bri5^eid] n. a group of persons organized for a specific purpose旅：They fought in the same brigade during the war.战争中，他们在同一旅作战。

15. sneak [sni:k] v. a) to go or move in a quiet, stealthy way潜行；偷偷溜走：He sneaked away in the middle of the meeting.他在会议中间悄悄离开了。b) to quickly and secretly steal something unimportant or of little value（顺手牵羊般地）偷走：He was caught sneaking an apple from a shop.他在商店里偷苹果时被抓住了。

16. crunchy [5krQntFI] adj. making a crunching or cracking sound, as when chewed发嘎吱嘎吱声的，易碎的：crunchy fresh vegetables生脆而新鲜的蔬菜

17. spaghetti [spE5^eti] n. a type of pasta in long strings意大利面条：Is the spaghetti ready yet, Dad? 爸爸，意大利面好了吗？

18. clasp [klB:sp] n. a) a grasp or grip of the hand紧握；紧攥；紧抱：He gave my hand a warm clasp.他热切地紧握我的手。b) a small metal object for fastening a bag, belt, piece of jeweler etc（包、皮带或首饰的）扣子，扣环：The clasp on his belt had broken.他的皮带上的钩子已经坏了。

19. slink [sliNk] v. to move as if one feels guilty or ashamed, or does not want to be seen, to sneak偷偷溜走：A cat slinking through the grass toward its prey.一只猫偷偷地穿过草丛向猎物扑去。

20. malicious [mE5liFEs] adj. having the wish to hurt others怀有敌意的：The malicious rumors compromised her good reputation.恶毒的谣言损害了她的好名声。

21. shackle [5FAkl] n. a) one of a pair of metal rings joined by a chain that are used for fastening together a prisoner’s hands or feet, so that they cannot move easily or escape手铐，脚镣，镣铐 b) the limits put on your freedom and happiness by something, especially a particular form of government—used to show disapproval束缚：They finally managed to throw off the shackles of communism.他们最终摆脱了集体主义的束缚。

Text II

1. frontier [5frQntjE] n. a) the area along an international border边境，国界：Sweden has frontiers with Norway and Finland.瑞典同挪威，芬兰相邻。b) an area where people have never lived before, that not much is known about, especially in the western US before the 20th century（尤指19世纪美国西部的）开发地区的边缘，边远地区：Areas near the frontier were rough and lawless in the old days.过去边远地区混乱不堪，而且没有法律。c) the limits of what is known about something尚待开发的领域，尖端；前沿：They are highly interested in the frontiers of science.他们对于科学的新领域有浓厚的兴趣。

2. collapse [kE5lAps] v. a) to fall down inward suddenly倒塌，崩溃：The collapse of the bridge forced the ferry back into operation.桥跨了，只好又使用渡船。b) a sudden failure in the way something works, so that it cannot continue垮台，失败：His business was in danger of collapse.他的生意面临倒闭的危险。

3. grim [^rim] adj. a) unrelenting or rigid无情的，严酷的，严厉的：His expression was grim when he told them they had lost their jobs.当他告诉他们说他们已被解雇时，他的表情十分冷酷。b) very bad, ugly, or unpleasant讨厌的，糟糕的：They painted a grim picture of what life used to be like there.

4. enquiry [in5kwaiEri] n. the act of inquiring; a question, a query询问，质问，疑问：Thank you for your enquiry about my health.谢谢你问候我的健康状况。

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